Revenge could not wait

Revenge could not wait, smallpox or not. Captain Robert Harrison was a dangerous menace to all Patriots. He would be found bedridden by a scouting party on October 14, 1780 near the Antioch community in Kershaw County.

Before the fall of Charleston, the Harrison brothers lived in a run-down log cabin near the Lynches River, east of Bishopville, SC.  They slept on animal skins strewn about the floor.  Near the sandy roadway, by a Ferry crossing, they lived with the pungent smell of dead fish and stagnant water.(1)

Then Charleston fell to the British and the Red-coats made their way inland towards Camden and Cheraw. With the Continental army in disarray, all was working out well for the King’s men.  Camden was occupied, and the fortifications were continually improved around the camp. Those seeking protection from the Empire were urged to come in and get it.

 

But the summer heat and mosquitoes took their toll on the troops and Cornwallis was faced with a serious problem of keeping an army in the field. If he did not act soon, all the gains would be for naught. The rebels would recognize a weakness and make trouble for those who had already pledged loyalty to the King. (2)

An opportunity was recognized by the Harrison men. The more enterprising of the brothers, John, convinced Lord Cornwallis that it would be a good idea to give him and two of his siblings (Robert and Samuel) commissions in the army.  They would raise upwards of 500 men as a corps of Loyalist Rangers and help defeat the rebels.

Thus, they began their campaign of legal murder and robbery throughout the PeeDee area under the British command of Major James Wemyss.  Burning homes and plantations, they quickly became hated by their neighbors and known as bandits.  Even British Major “Bloody Tarleton” would refer to them as “men of fortune” instead of soldiers. (3)

A week after the Patriot victory at King’s Mountain,  Captain Robert Harrison was found bedridden in a house off present-day SC Hwy 34. He was a victim of smallpox and yet another statistic of medical infirmities that plagued the British soldiers in camp. Quarantined away from the troops until his blistered body succumbed to the viral disease or beat it back, he was helpless and ostracized.

The band of rebels, bolstered by the success of their compatriots in the upstate, kicked in the door to the house and found him.  Not willing to take a chance on the disease doing their bidding, they killed him where he lay.

By the end of the war, Samuel would be dead as well.

John, on the other hand, retired as a Colonel in east Florida with the wealth he had taken from his years of murder and robbery under the King’s commission.

Freedom Reigns!

(1) Parker’s Guide to the Revolutionary War in South Carolina, John C. Parker Jr.

(2)  The British Soldier in America, Sylvia Frey

(3) www.suzanneadair.net/2014/07/08/the-winning-of-the-revolution-in-south-carolina/

Mr. and Mrs. William Moore

William Moore was a bold and fearless fighter during the Revolutionary war.  Taking up his rifle and horse, he would leave his wife at home to confront the British before they came to his doorstep.

 On making the long journey from Abingdon, Virginia with Colonel Campbell, he proved himself in the eyes of his leader.  He was selected at Cowpens, SC to be a part of the flying column.  This 900-man force was culled from the bigger army that had come and camped at Cowpens in the hunt for Major Ferguson.  Moore headed off with this fast-moving contingent that ultimately surrounded the British at Kings Mountain.

The warriors that fought with Campbell were described by an injured Tory, Drury Mathis, as darting about the mountain during the battle “like enraged lions.” Drury went on to say, “they were the most powerful looking men he had ever beheld; not over-burdened with fat, but tall, raw boned, and sinewy, with long matted hair…” 

William Moore was among these men of the mountains.  During the battle he was wounded badly in the leg and it was amputated in the field to save his life.  Moving back over the mountains on a 10-day journey was not something he could do.  Potential for infection was too high and a lack of medical supplies a reality.  He was left in the care of nearby good Samaritans while his compatriots made the long journey home.

Once at home, they gladly recounted their tails of victory to all who would listen.  An air of joy permeated the community as the warriors returned.

Among the listeners was Mrs. Moore who inquired about her husband’s fate.  

Hearing that her husband had been wounded and was still in the area where British General Cornwallis was, she saddled her own horse and immediately set out in search of her loved one.

Back across the November mountains and down through North Carolina she rode with bold determination to find her loved one. She camped beneath the stars and elements.  She forded rivers and streams.  Her journey was as like and long as the army that preceded her, but without the company of thousands of men.

Bold and fearless she rode on with determined spirit, until at last she found him.

Their story certainly had the makings of a ballad.  He, leaving home to protect her and she, leaving home to find and care for him.  They loved and lived to be a ripe old age.  Their story was a source of pride and a touchstone of patriotic fervor for the family generations afterward. (1)

Freedom Reigns!

(1)    King’s Mountain and Its Heroes: History of King’s Mountain, October7th, 1780, and the Events Which Led to It, Lyman Draper, Anthony Allaire

Benjamin Cleveland

Colonel Benjamin Cleveland was of the same bold character as Daniel Boone and found his most delightful pleasure in hunting rather than plowing. As a young man he was often found in the woods hunting and gathering pelts.

Two of his childhood friends were Thomas Sumter and Joseph Martin.  Sumter would later be known as the “Gamecock” in the struggle for freedom in South Carolina.  Martin would become the Indian agent for the fledgling new nation trying to curtail the Cherokee uprisings caused by the British in the back country.

Cleveland trekked off to Kentucky after hearing Daniel Boone talk with great admiration of the hunting lands.  He and his friends were robbed by Indians and sent packing on foot, back to the Watauga region around Wilkes County, NC.  After recuperating from his journey he marched back over the mountains to retrieve the horses from the very Indians that had stolen them.  In a show-down with the main suspect Indian, Cleveland narrowly escapes a tomahawk and a gunshot from the enraged guilty party.  He was able to ride away with the property reacquired and a feather in his cap of self-confidence.(1)

Cleveland would brag that his ancestor was the Oliver Cromwell who was renowned for his leadership of England.  Benjamin owned a copy of  "The Life and Adventures of Mr. Cromwell, Natural Son of Oliver Cromwell” and would point to it when making this claim.(2)  If one can speak of something and thereby cause it to be, simply by applied belief, then it is probable Benjamin Cleveland identified with the "bigger than life" persona of Oliver Cromwell. Cleveland’s intrepid spirit certainly was as bold as Cromwell; or at least the character of the biography, Cromwell’s son.  At close to six feet in height and weighing in at a solid 300lbs of big muscle, few would wish to dispute Cleveland's force of nature.

Cleveland’s men were brutal and confident.  Ever portraying an aura of wildness, some would wear Scottish Tartans and Kilts that they had taken off dead Highland Scot Tories at the Battle of Moore’s Bridge in 1776.(3)  They were rough men who mirrored the personality of their leader and were known to the Tories as “Cleveland’s Devils”.(4)

During the Revolution, Benjamin Cleveland was busy running about the upcountry of North Carolina with his men chasing Tories.  It was in the midst of this action when the call went out from Isaac Shelby and John Sevier to rally and meet Major Ferguson’s threats head on.  

Prior to the Battle of King’s Mountain, Cleveland made an impassioned speech to his men who understood life and death in their extremities. Matter of fact in its delivery, it spoke to the unfettered resolve of the men under his command.  “My brave fellows!  We have beat the Tories before, and can beat them again.  They are all cowardly.  If they had the spirit of men they would have joined your fellow citizens in supporting the Independence of this Country.  When engaged, you are not to wait for the word of command from me.  I will show you how by my example on how to fight.  I can undertake no more.  Everyman must consider himself an officer, and act on their own judgement.  Fire as quick as you can, and stand as long as you can without tiring.  When you can do no better, get behind a tree or retreat.  I beg you not to run away, but if you do make it a point to return to battle as quickly as possible, and renew the fight.”(5)

Born and raised into a mindset of independence and self reliance, he bravely fought his way in and out of battle.  His exploits reverberate in Freedom's call even today. He was a feared and revered and was one of the heroes of King's Mountain. 

After the war he moved to Oconee County, SC and is buried on private property near Westminister, SC off of Hwy 123. In the Madison community, close to the Savannah River, an obelisk bearing his name can be found near the Madison Baptist Church. (6)

Freedom Reigns!

(1) Before They Were Heroes at King’s Mountain, Randell Jones

(2) http://www.ibiblio.org/mtnivy/BAJ/crouch.htm

(3) Ghosts of Yadkin Valley, R.G. Absher

(4) http://colbenjaminclevelandchapter.org/colonel-benjamin-cleveland/

(5) https://www.josephmartinchapter.org/smartin.html
(6) https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/31176869/benjamin-cleveland

Signal Fires

Signal Beacons of Gandor used in NC mountains during the revolution?

Local folklore in and around Wilkes and Caldwell Counties in NC reveal the story of Martin Gambill. His 100-mile journey to warn the Patriots of the British invasion into the mountains is the stuff of Legends.  The story goes that the watch fires that had been placed upon the top of the mountains as an early warning system did not reach into the Watauga area where a good portion of the Liberty men resided.  Thus he volunteered to ride with the news. (1)(2)

Historical record of watch fires in the North Carolina theater of operations is spotty at best.  It will take longer to research than this author has available as of this writing.  We find evidence of similar watch fires used in the northern theaters of operation as Washington ordered them placed in the Hudson Hills in New York and the Watchung Mountains of New Jersey.  The latter of these was memorialized in a Baron Dekalb report.

   

In the Watchung Mountains these fires of freedom had three main purposes: “to call out the militia, to indicate the approach direction of the British and to direct the subsequent movements of the militia.” There were also instructions on their construction and placements.  Twenty-three signal pyres were constructed in the New Jersey mountainsides and manned by close to two dozen soldiers each. (3)

Later, DeKalb fought and died at the Battle of Camden, SC in the Southern Theater of Operations months before Kings Mountain. General Gates, his commanding officer at Camden, was still around Hillsborough, NC and recognized by the Patriots there as having Continental authority.  It is not a hard leap to suspect that there is some truth to the legend of these watch-fires, even if they did not look quite as stately as the fictitious Gandor beacons.

Though the record is thin on these watch fires being a part of the Southern Continental strategy, it certainly causes this author to want to dig deeper. It is not hard to fathom signal fires on the top of Table Rock, Grandmother and Grandfather Mountains and the smaller precipices further down Highway 64, or even into the Pisgah National Forest. It harkens back to the warning fires of the Peel towers in Scottish castles. (4) 

And these Patriots were most definitely of the Scots Irish heritage.


Freedom Reigns!

(1)    http://revwarapps.org/w7504.pdf

(2)    https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/symposia/newriver-84/sec23.htm

(3)    https://allthingsliberty.com/2015/04/the-blue-hills-beacons

(4)    http://www.castlestudiesgroup.org.uk/CSGJournal2011-12XAlastairMI.pdf